Release first, summary and duties after
CBP gives the importer of record up to 15 days from arrival to file the cargo release, which tells CBP what it needs to decide whether the goods can leave customs custody. The entry summary, CBP Form 7501 or its electronic equivalent, follows with the classification, value and estimated duties, and CBP says it must be filed within 10 working days after entry. Low-value and special shipments may use other entry types with their own rules.
Where the entry fits between discharge and pickup
For an ocean import, the entry sits between discharge and pickup. A container can be discharged and available while the terminal still shows a customs hold because the entry is not filed or accepted. Brokers often file before the vessel arrives so CBP can process the entry early. Once CBP releases the shipment, the terminal can let it go, provided the carrier has also released it and no other holds remain.
Importer of record duties stay with the importer
The importer of record is responsible for the entry, the duties and the accuracy of the data, even when a broker prepares and files it. CBP's guidance for new importers says the importer remains ultimately responsible for the correctness of entry documents and for all applicable duties, taxes and fees. Give the broker complete invoices and packing lists, review classification and value decisions, and keep records. Errors found after filing can often be fixed with a post summary correction.
Example
The broker files the cargo release for MSKU4830212 while the vessel is still at sea, CBP releases it soon after arrival, and the entry summary with estimated duties follows within the required window.
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Official sources
Questions
What does Customs Entry mean?
A customs entry is the filing that asks customs to release imported goods and lets it assess duties. In the U.S., the importer or its licensed broker usually files it in two parts: a cargo release filing, then an entry summary.
What happens if no entry is filed?
If entry is not made in time, the goods can be sent to a general order warehouse at the consignee's risk and expense. Merchandise left unclaimed for six months from importation can be sold.
Can an importer file its own customs entry?
Yes. An importer can file on its own behalf, but filing for anyone else requires a CBP customs broker license. Many importers use brokers because of the data, systems and bond requirements involved.